The conventional computer chips process information in the form of electric charges and transmitted by physically moving electrons from one place to another.
Using this technique, engineers were able to pack numerous transistors onto a single chip.
However, as transistors become smaller, tiny variations in the structure of the materials they are made from can affect the smooth electron flow, which makes it difficult to guarantee that neighbouring transistors are alike.
Current studies have suggested that electrons possess a property called spin, similar to the spin of a basketball that can also carry information.
Electron spin can be made to represent a 0 or a 1 of digital code by aligning it with or against a magnetic field.
Unlike the conventional way, the information can be sent in the form of a "spin wave" that travels through the cluster of electrons in a conductor.
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